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Struts2+Android 使用struts2制作做webservice
看了一下黎老师的WebService,还是很典型的应用(黎老师的课程确实很棒啊!受益一生),可惜的是他用的struts做的 也是今天中午移植到struts2 也算是练手+重温了.
进正题>
做Struts2 首先是配置工程 这个很烦人,和Android比差的很远.
首先是
web.xml没什么好说的其实就是配置struts2
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app version="2.5"
xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee
http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd">
<display-name></display-name>
<welcome-file-list>
<welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
</welcome-file-list>
<filter>
<!-- 定义核心Filter的名称 -->
<filter-name>struts2</filter-name>
<!--定义核心Filter的实现类 -->
<filter-class>
org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.FilterDispatcher
</filter-class>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<!--核心Filter的名称 -->
<filter-name>struts2</filter-name>
<!--使用该核心Filter来接受所有的Web请求 -->
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
</web-app>
struts.xml相当于Android中的AndroidManifest.xm
l就一个action,返回两个结果,json和xml 貌似Android中现在很流行json的WebService
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC
"-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.0//EN"
"http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.0.dtd">
<struts>
<package name="struts2" extends="struts-default">
<action name="List" class="com.su.action.VideoListAction">
<result name="xml">/videos.jsp</result>
<result name="json">/jsonvideos.jsp</result>
</action>
</package>
</struts>
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/xml; charset=UTF-8" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%><%@taglib prefix="s" uri="/struts-tags"%><?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <videos> <s:iterator value="#request.videos" id="video"> <video id="<s:property value="#video.id"/>"> <title><s:property value="#video.title"/></title> <timelength><s:property value="#video.time"/></timelength> </video> </s:iterator> </videos>
如果返回的是json那么是jsonviedos.jsp
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/plain; charset=UTF-8" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>${videos}
需要注意!xml文件中
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/xml; charset=UTF-8" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%><%@taglib prefix="s" uri="/struts-tags"%><?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
这里尖括号直接不要有空格不然在chrome里不能识别为xml文件 我想在解析的时候会报错(什么没有文件头什么的吧)
然后是java代码部分了
首先是VideoListAction.java也就是主action 相当于activity了
package com.su.action;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import java.util.List;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import org.apache.struts2.ServletActionContext;
import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionContext;
import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport;
import com.su.domain.Video;
import com.su.service.VideoService;
import com.su.service.impl.VideoServiceBean;
public class VideoListAction extends ActionSupport {
private VideoService service = new VideoServiceBean();
private String format;
public String getFormat() {
return format;
}
public void setFormat(String format) {
this.format = format;
}
@Override
public String execute() throws Exception {
List<Video> videos = service.getLastVideos();
if (format.equals("json")) {
StringBuilder json = new StringBuilder();
json.append('[');
for(Video video : videos){ // {id:76,title:"xxxx",timelength:80}
json.append('{');
json.append("id:").append(video.getId()).append(',');
json.append("title:\"").append(video.getTitle()).append("\",");
json.append("timelength:").append(video.getTime());
json.append('}').append(',');
}
json.deleteCharAt(json.length()-1);
json.append(']');
ServletActionContext.getRequest().setAttribute("videos", json);
System.out.println("1111111111111111111111111111");
return "json";
}
else {
ServletActionContext.getRequest().setAttribute("videos", videos);
return "xml";
}
}
}
很简单json就是从videos里拼接把String放到servleactioncontext ; xml就更简单了,直接返回的list
这个是video的bean Video.java
package com.su.domain;
public class Video {
private Integer id;
private String title;
private Integer time;
public Video(){}
public Video(Integer id, String title, Integer time) {
this.id = id;
this.title = title;
this.time = time;
}
public Integer getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(Integer id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getTitle() {
return title;
}
public void setTitle(String title) {
this.title = title;
}
public Integer getTime() {
return time;
}
public void setTime(Integer time) {
this.time = time;
}
}
这个是VideoServicebean.java获取videos 这个在真实使用的时候 数据是放在数据库的这个类就是来从数据库取出数据的,这里这是简单举例没有数据库
package com.su.service.impl;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import com.su.domain.Video;
import com.su.service.VideoService;
public class VideoServiceBean implements VideoService {
public List<Video> getLastVideos() throws Exception{
List<Video> videos = new ArrayList<Video>();
videos.add(new Video(78, "视频1", 90));
videos.add(new Video(78, "视频2", 20));
videos.add(new Video(78, "视频3", 30));
return videos;
}
}
VideoService.java定义的获取videos的接口
package com.su.service;
import java.util.List;
import com.su.domain.Video;
public interface VideoService {
public List<Video> getLastVideos() throws Exception;
}
然后是Android端了这里就不详细介绍了,挺简单的解析json和xml这是黎老师的代码
主activity
package cn.itcast.videoclient;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.List;
import cn.itcast.domain.Video;
import cn.itcast.service.VideoService;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.util.Log;
import android.widget.ListView;
import android.widget.SimpleAdapter;
import android.widget.Toast;
public class MainActivity extends Activity {
private ListView listView;
@Override
public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.main);
listView = (ListView)this.findViewById(R.id.listView);
try {
List<Video> videos = VideoService.getJSONLastVideos();
List<HashMap<String, Object>> data = new ArrayList<HashMap<String,Object>>();
for(Video video : videos){
HashMap<String, Object> item = new HashMap<String, Object>();
item.put("id", video.getId());
item.put("title", video.getTitle());
item.put("timelength", "时长:"+ video.getTime());
data.add(item);
}
SimpleAdapter adapter = new SimpleAdapter(this, data, R.layout.item, //放入了Adapter中
new String[]{"title", "timelength"}, new int[]{R.id.title, R.id.timelength});
listView.setAdapter(adapter);
} catch (Exception e) {
Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "获取最新视频资讯失败", 1).show();
Log.e("MainActivity", e.toString());
}
}
}
VideoService.java从服务器获取数据
package cn.itcast.service;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.net.HttpURLConnection;
import java.net.URL;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import org.json.JSONArray;
import org.json.JSONObject;
import org.xmlpull.v1.XmlPullParser;
import android.util.Xml;
import cn.itcast.domain.Video;
import cn.itcast.utils.StreamTool;
public class VideoService {
/**
* 获取最新的视频资讯
* @return
* @throws Exception
*/
public static List<Video> getLastVideos() throws Exception{
String path = "http://10.1.27.35:8080/VideoWeb2/List.action";
URL url = new URL(path);
HttpURLConnection conn = (HttpURLConnection)url.openConnection();
conn.setReadTimeout(5*1000);
conn.setRequestMethod("GET");
InputStream inStream = conn.getInputStream();
return parseXML(inStream);
}
public static List<Video> getJSONLastVideos() throws Exception{
List<Video> videos = new ArrayList<Video>();
String path = "http://10.1.27.35:8080/VideoWeb2/List.action?format=json";
URL url = new URL(path);
HttpURLConnection conn = (HttpURLConnection)url.openConnection();
conn.setReadTimeout(5*1000);
conn.setRequestMethod("GET");
InputStream inStream = conn.getInputStream();
byte[] data = StreamTool.readInputStream(inStream);
String json = new String(data);
JSONArray array = new JSONArray(json);
for(int i=0 ; i < array.length() ; i++){
JSONObject item = array.getJSONObject(i);
int id = item.getInt("id");
String title = item.getString("title");
int timelength = item.getInt("timelength");
videos.add(new Video(id, title, timelength));
}
return videos;
}
/**
* 解析服务器返回的协议，得到视频资讯
* @param inStream
* @return
* @throws Exception
*/
private static List<Video> parseXML(InputStream inStream) throws Exception{
List<Video> videos = null;
Video video = null;
XmlPullParser parser = Xml.newPullParser();
parser.setInput(inStream, "UTF-8");
int eventType = parser.getEventType();//产生第一个事件
while(eventType!=XmlPullParser.END_DOCUMENT){//只要不是文档结束事件
switch (eventType) {
case XmlPullParser.START_DOCUMENT:
videos = new ArrayList<Video>();
break;
case XmlPullParser.START_TAG:
String name = parser.getName();//获取解析器当前指向的元素的名称
if("video".equals(name)){
video = new Video();
video.setId(new Integer(parser.getAttributeValue(0)));
}
if(video!=null){
if("title".equals(name)){
video.setTitle(parser.nextText());//获取解析器当前指向元素的下一个文本节点的值
}
if("timelength".equals(name)){
video.setTime(new Integer(parser.nextText()));
}
}
break;
case XmlPullParser.END_TAG:
if("video".equals(parser.getName())){
videos.add(video);
video = null;
}
break;
}
eventType = parser.next();
}
return videos;
}
}
StreamTool.java 这个类是处理instream的
package cn.itcast.utils;
import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;
import java.io.InputStream;
public class StreamTool {
/**
* 从输入流中获取数据输入一个input 输出一个byte[],获取的数据就可以通过new String(data)转换为String
* @param inStream 输入流
* @return
* @throws Exception
*/
public static byte[] readInputStream(InputStream inStream) throws Exception{
ByteArrayOutputStream outStream = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];
int len = 0;
while( (len=inStream.read(buffer)) != -1 ){
outStream.write(buffer, 0, len);
}
inStream.close();
return outStream.toByteArray();
}
}
也有一个video.java
package cn.itcast.domain;
public class Video {//video的bean
private Integer id;
private String title;
private Integer time;
public Video(){}
public Video(Integer id, String title, Integer time) {
this.id = id;
this.title = title;
this.time = time;
}
public Integer getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(Integer id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getTitle() {
return title;
}
public void setTitle(String title) {
this.title = title;
}
public Integer getTime() {
return time;
}
public void setTime(Integer time) {
this.time = time;
}
}
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